The Evolution of Quantum Computer Technology and Its Implications for Computing Systems

Abstract

The evolution of quantum computer technology represents a significant milestone in the advancement of modern computing systems. Unlike classical computers that rely on binary bits, quantum computers utilize quantum bits (qubits) based on the principles of quantum mechanics, enabling substantially higher computational efficiency for specific problem domains. This article aims to analyze the evolution of quantum computer technology and examine its implications for contemporary and future computing systems. The research method employed is a literature review, drawing on international scientific journals, reference books, and recent research publications related to quantum computing. The results of the study indicate that quantum computer technology has progressed from theoretical foundations to experimental and early practical implementations, particularly in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. Furthermore, quantum computing has significant implications for computing systems, including enhanced performance in optimization, cryptography, simulation, and data-intensive processing. However, several challenges remain, such as hardware scalability, error rates, system stability, and integration with classical computing infrastructures. Therefore, continuous research and development are essential to ensure the effective adoption of quantum computer technology within future computing systems.