Quantum Computing: Opportunities and Challenges in Modern Computing Systems

Abstract

Quantum computing has emerged as an innovative computational paradigm that offers new possibilities for addressing complex problems beyond the capabilities of classical computing systems. By utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, quantum computing enables significant improvements in computational efficiency for specific problem domains. This article aims to examine the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of quantum computing in modern computing systems. The research method employed is a literature review, analyzing scientific journals, reference books, and recent research publications related to quantum computing. The findings indicate that quantum computing provides substantial opportunities in areas such as optimization, cryptography, simulation, and large-scale data processing. However, its practical implementation is still constrained by various challenges, including hardware scalability, error rates, algorithm complexity, and integration with classical computing infrastructures. Therefore, understanding both the opportunities and challenges of quantum computing is essential to guide future research and development efforts in modern computing systems.