Quantum Computing as the Future of High-Performance Computing

Abstract

High-Performance Computing (HPC) plays a critical role in addressing complex computational problems in scientific research, engineering, and data-intensive applications. As the limitations of classical computing architectures become increasingly apparent, quantum computing has emerged as a promising paradigm that may redefine the future of HPC. This article aims to examine quantum computing as a potential foundation for next-generation high-performance computing systems. The research method employed is a literature review, analyzing scientific journals, reference books, and recent research publications related to quantum computing and HPC. The findings indicate that quantum computing offers significant performance advantages for specific classes of problems, including optimization, large-scale simulations, cryptography, and machine learning. Furthermore, hybrid quantum–classical computing models are identified as a practical pathway for integrating quantum capabilities into existing HPC infrastructures. However, several challenges remain, such as hardware scalability, error correction, system stability, and software ecosystem development. Therefore, continued research and technological advancement are essential to position quantum computing as a viable and transformative component of future high-performance computing systems.